mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness 7 on Mohs scale, milky white to translucent color, vitreous to greasy luster, trigonal crystal structure, conchoidal fracture, lacks true cleavage, specific gravity ~2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness 7 on Mohs scale, milky white to translucent color, vitreous to greasy luster, trigonal crystal structure, conchoidal fracture, lacks true cleavage, specific gravity ~2.65.
Formation & geological history
Forms in a wide variety of geological environments including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary settings. Commonly crystallizes from cooling magma or precipitates from hydrothermal fluids.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in electronics (piezoelectric oscillators), glass manufacturing, abrasives, construction aggregates, gemology, and ornamental carvings.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical weathering and physical breakdown.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), glass-like to greasy luster, and lack of cleavage. Found virtually everywhere on Earth in riverbeds, mountains, beaches, and gravel paths.
