mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, typically white or translucent, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65.

Identified July 28, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, typically white or translucent, vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed in a wide variety of geological environments including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, often crystallizing from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and pegmatites.

Uses & applications

Used in glassmaking, electronics, oscillators, abrasives, gemstones, and ornamental objects.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals on Earth's continental crust, exhibiting numerous distinct varieties such as amethyst, citrine, and rose quartz.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its distinct hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in nearly every geological setting.