mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, vitreous luster, conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, and specific gravity of 2.65. Color varies widely from colorless (rock crystal) to white, gray, pink, purple, or yellow.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, vitreous luster, conchoidal fracture, trigonal crystal system, and specific gravity of 2.65. Color varies widely from colorless (rock crystal) to white, gray, pink, purple, or yellow.
Formation & geological history
Forms in a wide range of geological environments, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and magma, as well as precipitating in sedimentary settings.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics, oscillators, glassmaking, abrasive materials, and as a popular gemstone and ornamental specimen in jewelry and collecting.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals on Earth's continental crust. Its piezoelectric properties make it essential for modern electronics and timekeeping devices.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its characteristic 7 Mohs hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in nearly every geological terrain.
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Limonite / Goethite (Iron Ore Mineral nodule)
FeO(OH)·nH2O / FeO(OH)
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Septarian Pebble
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Schist
Schist
Metamorphic
Potassium Feldspar (Orthoclase)
Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)
mineral