mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, clear to white color (can vary), vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.

Identified July 29, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, clear to white color (can vary), vitreous luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Forms in a wide variety of geological environments, most notably in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and magma cooling processes.

Uses & applications

Used in electronics, glassware, precision instruments, gemstones, and construction materials.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in the Earth's continental crust and exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electrical charge under mechanical stress.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its distinct hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and vitreous luster. Found worldwide in nearly every type of rock formation.