mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, typically white, milky, or colorless, vitreous (glassy) luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65.

Identified August 4, 2026More mineral →

Explore Quartz in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, typically white, milky, or colorless, vitreous (glassy) luster, trigonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture, specific gravity of 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed in a wide variety of geological environments including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, often precipitating from hydrothermal veins or crystallizing from silica-rich magma.

Uses & applications

Used in electronics, oscillators, glassmaking, abrasives, gemstones, and ornamental items.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of the most abundant and widespread minerals on Earth's continental crust and exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electrical charge under mechanical stress.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its hardness (scratches glass), conchoidal fracture, and lack of cleavage. Found worldwide in nearly every type of geological terrain.