mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale, typically white, clear, or light brown/gray in color, vitreous to greasy luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65.

Identified August 4, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms in a wide variety of geological environments, most commonly in igneous rocks like granite and pegmatites, hydrothermal veins, and as detrital grains in sedimentary rocks due to its high resistance to weathering.

Uses & applications

Used widely in glassmaking, electronics, oscillators, abrasives, gemstones, and construction materials.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals found on Earth's continental crust. Its piezoelectric properties make it essential for electronic timing devices.

Field identification & locations

Easily identifiable in the field by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in almost every geological setting.