mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Mohs hardness of 7, color ranges from colorless to white, gray, pink, purple, etc., vitreous (glassy) luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 7, color ranges from colorless to white, gray, pink, purple, etc., vitreous (glassy) luster, hexagonal crystal system, conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage, specific gravity of 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in virtually all geological environments—igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks—often crystallizing from silica-rich hydrothermal solutions or cooling magma.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics (oscillators, watches), glassmaking, abrasives, gemstones, and construction materials.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust, surpassed only by feldspar. It exhibits piezoelectric properties, generating an electric charge when mechanical stress is applied.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in nearly every type of geological terrain.
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Schist
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Potassium Feldspar (Orthoclase)
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