mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; color is typically white, milky, or colorless; vitreous to greasy luster; crystal structure is trigonal; conchoidal fracture; no true cleavage; specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; color is typically white, milky, or colorless; vitreous to greasy luster; crystal structure is trigonal; conchoidal fracture; no true cleavage; specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed in a wide range of geological environments, most commonly crystallized from silica-rich hydrothermal veins, pegmatites, and as a primary component of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics, manufacturing of glass and ceramics, abrasive materials, gemstone carving, and mineral specimen collecting.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals found on Earth's continental crust. Its piezoelectric properties make it essential in modern timekeeping and electronic oscillators.
Field identification & locations
Easily identifiable in the field by its high hardness (scratches glass), conchoidal fracture, and lack of cleavage. Found worldwide in nearly every geological setting.
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