mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale. Color ranges from colorless (rock crystal) to various shades of white, gray, purple, pink, etc. Luster is vitreous (glassy). Crystal system is hexagonal (trigonal). No true cleavage, exhibits conchoidal fracture. Specific gravity is 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale. Color ranges from colorless (rock crystal) to various shades of white, gray, purple, pink, etc. Luster is vitreous (glassy). Crystal system is hexagonal (trigonal). No true cleavage, exhibits conchoidal fracture. Specific gravity is 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Forms in a wide variety of geological environments, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Commonly crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and pegmatites.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics (oscillators, watches), glassmaking, abrasives, gemstones, and ornamental objects.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals found on Earth's continental crust. It exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its distinct hardness (scratches glass), conchoidal fracture, and lack of cleavage. Found worldwide in almost every rock type.
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