Quartz

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; white, clear, or gray color; vitreous luster; hexagonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture; specific gravity of 2.65

Formed in a wide variety of geological environments, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, often crystallizing from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and pegmatites.

Used in electronics, watchmaking, glass manufacturing, abrasives, and as a gemstone or ornamental mineral.

Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals found on Earth's continental crust.

Easily identified by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and characteristic conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in nearly every geological setting.