mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless to white
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified June 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms in a wide variety of environments including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It crystallizes from magma or precipitates from hydrothermal veins. It can be found in rocks from all geological eras.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, construction sand, and as a gemstone in jewelry.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is chemically very stable and resistant to weathering, which is why it often makes up the majority of beach sand.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and glassy appearance. It is found globally in granite mountains, riverbeds, and sedimentary deposits.