mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; color ranges from white or colorless to various shades; vitreous to greasy luster; hexagonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage; specific gravity of 2.65.

Identified July 30, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in a wide variety of geological environments including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Often crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and pegmatites.

Uses & applications

Used in electronics, watches, glassmaking, abrasives, and as a semi-precious gemstone or mineral specimen for collectors.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals found on Earth's continental crust. It exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electrical charge in response to mechanical stress.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its hardness (scratches glass easily), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in nearly every type of geological environment.