mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness of 7; white, clear, or translucent; vitreous luster; trigonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture with no cleavage; specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 7; white, clear, or translucent; vitreous luster; trigonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture with no cleavage; specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed through crystallization from silicate melts in igneous environments, hydrothermal veins, and precipitation in sedimentary rocks over wide geological timescales.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in glassmaking, electronics, abrasives, gemstones, and construction aggregate.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust and exhibits piezoelectric properties, making it vital for electronic oscillators.
Field identification & locations
Identified easily by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture; found worldwide in almost all geological settings.
