mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale, Color: White, transparent to translucent, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Trigonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Identified July 29, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale, Color: White, transparent to translucent, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Trigonal, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture), Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms in a wide variety of geological environments, most notably in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal solutions or magma.

Uses & applications

Used in electronics (oscillators), glassmaking, abrasives, gemstones, and construction materials.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals in Earth's continental crust. It exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it can generate an electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress.

Field identification & locations

Can be identified in the field by its high hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and typical conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in nearly all geological settings.