mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; varies in color from clear and white to smoky, pink, purple, or yellow; vitreous to greasy luster; hexagonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage; specific gravity of 2.65.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale; varies in color from clear and white to smoky, pink, purple, or yellow; vitreous to greasy luster; hexagonal crystal system; conchoidal fracture with no true cleavage; specific gravity of 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Forms in a wide variety of geological environments, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. It is a primary component of granite and sandstone and precipitates from silica-rich hydrothermal solutions.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics (oscillators, watches), glassmaking, abrasives, gemstones, and ornamental objects.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant minerals in Earth's continental crust and exhibits piezoelectric properties, meaning it generates an electrical charge when compressed.
Field identification & locations
Easily identified by its hardness (scratches glass), lack of cleavage, and characteristic conchoidal fracture. Found worldwide in nearly every type of geological terrain.
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Arenite (SiO2 based)
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Limonite / Goethite (Iron Ore Mineral nodule)
FeO(OH)·nH2O / FeO(OH)
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Septarian Pebble
Septarian nodule / Concretion
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Potassium Feldspar (Orthoclase)
Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)
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Schist
Schist
Metamorphic