mineral
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: transparent to white, grayish, or brownish; Luster: vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: trigonal; Cleavage: none, exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- transparent to white, grayish, or brownish
- Luster
- vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: transparent to white, grayish, or brownish; Luster: vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: trigonal; Cleavage: none, exhibits conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in a wide variety of geological environments, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Often crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal veins and pegmatites.
Uses & applications
Used in electronics (oscillators), glassmaking, abrasives, gemstones, and ornamental objects.
Geological facts
Quartz is one of the most abundant and widely distributed minerals found on Earth's continental crust.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its high hardness (scratches glass), conchoidal fracture, and lack of cleavage. Found globally in almost all rock types.
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