metamorphic
Quartzite with Iron Oxide Vein
Metamorphic Quartzite (SiO2 with Hematite/Limonite impurities)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 7 on Mohs scale. Color: White to tan crystalline quartz matrix with reddish-brown to dark purple iron-rich bands. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Granoblastic texture, non-foliated to weakly banded. Specific gravity: ~2.65.
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale. Color: White to tan crystalline quartz matrix with reddish-brown to dark purple iron-rich bands. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Granoblastic texture, non-foliated to weakly banded. Specific gravity: ~2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone under intense heat and pressure. The distinct reddish-brown and yellowish bands result from iron oxide mineral (hematite/limonite) fluids filling fractures or original sedimentary layering.
Uses & applications
Used in construction as crushed stone, dimension stone, flooring, and decorative landscaping rock. Also collected as geological display specimens showing colorful banding.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so tough that when it breaks, it fractures right through the quartz grains rather than around them like sandstone. Iron oxides can create vivid hues of red, orange, yellow, and brown inside pure quartz rocks.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its extreme hardness (scratches glass easily) and sugary crystalline texture. Commonly found in mountainous regions, ancient cratons, and erosion-resistant outcrops worldwide.
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