igneous
Granite
Granite
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Gray, black, white, and often pink/orange (as seen in the specimen); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
Identified More igneous →
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Gray, black, white, and often pink/orange (as seen in the specimen); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible crystals); Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). This specific specimen shows weathering, likely from exposure in a riverbed or surface environment. Granite can form at various geological ages, often within continental crust plateaus.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, flooring, countertops, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base. Due to its durability and aesthetic pattern, it is a staple in the building industry.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest substances in the world, second only to diamonds. It makes up a large part of the Earth's continental crust. Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite batholith.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by looking for a 'salt and pepper' appearance with blocky feldspar crystals, glassy quartz, and dark flecks of mica or hornblende. It is very common in mountain ranges and eroded щит regions.
