mineral

Raw orange chalcedony (carnelian-like)

Chalcedony, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), colored by iron oxides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness 6.5–7 Mohs; translucent orange-red, waxy to vitreous luster, cryptocrystalline structure, and no visible cleavage. The rounded, rough surface suggests a naturally weathered or lightly worked piece; internal fractures and uneven color are typical.

Identified August 31, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Forms when silica-rich groundwater fills cavities and fractures, later developing into microcrystalline quartz; iron produces the orange-red color. It commonly formed in volcanic rocks during the Cenozoic and older geological periods.

Uses & applications

Used for cabochons, beads, carvings, and ornamental objects; attractive translucent pieces have modest lapidary value.

Geological facts

Carnelian is the orange-to-red variety of chalcedony, though this specimen may be less uniformly colored than gem-grade carnelian.

Field identification & locations

Common in volcanic terrains and alluvial gravels, including India, Brazil, Uruguay, Madagascar, and the United States. Identify by its waxy appearance, translucency, lack of cleavage, and ability to scratch ordinary glass; dyed glass or resin may show bubbles or unnatural uniformity.