mineral

Red jasper pebble

Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) colored mainly by iron oxides

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Opaque brick-red, fine-grained, and typically dull to slightly waxy; Mohs hardness about 6.5–7, no visible cleavage, conchoidal fracture, and specific gravity about 2.6. The rounded shape indicates natural water wear or tumbling.

Identified August 8, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Jasper forms when silica-rich fluids replace or cement volcanic ash, sediments, or other rocks, with hematite/goethite producing the red color. Its age varies widely, commonly from Precambrian to younger volcanic or sedimentary settings.

Uses & applications

Used for beads, cabochons, carvings, polished stones, and ornamental objects; massive material has limited industrial use. Common specimens are inexpensive but attractive patterned pieces can be collectible.

Geological facts

Jasper is a variety of chalcedony or microcrystalline quartz, though the term is often used broadly for opaque silica-rich rocks. Red coloration generally reflects finely disseminated iron oxides.

Field identification & locations

Identify it by its uniform opaque red color, very fine texture, hardness sufficient to scratch glass, and lack of visible individual crystals; it will not fizz in dilute hydrochloric acid. Common in volcanic terrains, sedimentary iron-rich formations, and stream gravels worldwide.