sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon dioxide with iron oxide inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, earthy brown-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal) microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Red, earthy brown-red
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, earthy brown-red; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal) microcrystalline; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91
Formation & geological history
Forms when silica-rich fluids permeate through volcanic ash or sedimentary rocks. Over time, the silica crystallizes into quartz/chalcedony, with hematite inclusions providing the red color. Typically found in Precambrian to Cretaceous formations.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, lapidary art, and as an ornamental stone in architecture.
Geological facts
The name comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning spotted stone. It was historically known as the 'warrior's stone' and was used in antiquity for seals and amulets to signify strength and protection.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its opaque red color, smoothness when wet, and conchoidal fracture. Often found as rounded pebbles in riverbeds or within larger silicate-rich sedimentary outcrops worldwide.
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