mineral
Red jasper
Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) colored mainly by iron oxides
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectOpaque brick-red to salmon with gray-black mineral streaks, matte to dull waxy luster, and irregular fracture; quartz hardness is about 6.5–7 Mohs, with no cleavage. The specimen appears naturally weathered or lightly worn rather than crystalline.
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Physical properties
Opaque brick-red to salmon with gray-black mineral streaks, matte to dull waxy luster, and irregular fracture; quartz hardness is about 6.5–7 Mohs, with no cleavage. The specimen appears naturally weathered or lightly worn rather than crystalline.
Formation & geological history
Jasper forms when silica-rich fluids replace or cement volcanic ash, sediments, or other rock, with iron oxides producing the red color. It can form in many geological ages, commonly in volcanic and sedimentary environments.
Uses & applications
Used as ornamental stone, cabochons, carvings, beads, bookends, and tumblestones; occasionally used for decorative flooring or countertops.
Geological facts
Its red color reflects hematite or related iron-oxide inclusions. Jasper is a variety of chalcedony/microcrystalline quartz, though the name is also used broadly for opaque silica-rich rocks.
Field identification & locations
Identify it by its opaque red body, fine-grained texture, high hardness, and lack of visible large crystals; it should resist scratching from a steel knife. Common sources include India, Madagascar, Brazil, the United States, and Australia.
