metamorphic

Red quartzite pebble

Quartzite; predominantly microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with iron-oxide staining and minor dark silicates

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness about 7 Mohs; reddish-orange, fine-grained, dull to slightly vitreous luster, massive granular texture, and no obvious cleavage. It is dense, tough, and commonly fractures irregularly; the rounded shape indicates water abrasion.

Identified September 21, 2026More metamorphic →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed when quartz-rich sandstone was deeply buried and recrystallized under heat and pressure, commonly during Precambrian or younger mountain-building events. The red color comes mainly from hematite or other iron oxides; this specimen was later transported as a stream or beach pebble.

Uses & applications

Used as durable aggregate, road stone, riprap, building veneer, and landscaping material; attractive polished pieces are sold as lapidary or display specimens.

Geological facts

Quartzite is generally harder and more resistant to weathering than its sandstone precursor. A steel scratch test usually fails to scratch it, while quartz-rich surfaces can scratch glass.

Field identification & locations

Common in metamorphic mountain belts and gravel deposits worldwide, including India, Brazil, the United States, and Scandinavia. Confirm by testing for quartz hardness and examining a fresh edge for fused, interlocking grains rather than sand-sized particles.