sedimentary

Red Sandstone

Arenite (primarily Quartz with Hematite cement)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Reddish-brown to orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Reddish-brown to orange
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 21, 2026More sedimentary →

Explore Red Sandstone in the encyclopedia →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Reddish-brown to orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, specifically in arid desert or river environments. The red color indicates iron oxide (Hematite) staining, common in terrestrial 'Old Red Sandstone' or 'New Red Sandstone' formations dating from the Devonian to Triassic periods.

Uses & applications

Widely used in the construction industry as a building material and decorative stone, for paving, and in glass making if the quartz purity is high.

Geological facts

Red sandstone is famous for creating iconic landscapes like the Grand Canyon in the USA and the 'Old Red Sandstone' cliffs of Scotland. It was a favorite material for historic castle and cathedral architecture in Europe.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. It can be found globally in outcrop formations and riverbeds. For collectors, look for cross-bedding patterns which indicate ancient wind or water current directions.