sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Quartzose Sandstone (primarily quartz grains cemented by iron oxides)
Hardness of 6 to 7 on the Mohs scale; color ranges from reddish-brown to brick red due to iron oxide staining; luster is dull or earthy; composed of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments; specific gravity around 2.2 to 2.8.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6 to 7 on the Mohs scale; color ranges from reddish-brown to brick red due to iron oxide staining; luster is dull or earthy; composed of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments; specific gravity around 2.2 to 2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation, deposition, and lithification of mineral particles or rock fragments, often in desert or arid terrestrial environments where iron-rich cementing agents precipitated over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a building and paving material, historically in masonry and architecture, and occasionally in decorative landscaping.
Geological facts
The distinctive red color is caused by hematite or goethite acting as a natural cement between the quartz grains. Many famous architectural monuments worldwide are constructed from red sandstone.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its gritty texture, visible sand grains, and characteristic reddish hue; common in sedimentary basins and geological formations worldwide.
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