sedimentary
Red sandstone
Iron-oxide-cemented quartz-rich sandstone (ferruginous sandstone)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectTypically Mohs hardness 6–7 for quartz grains, with reddish-brown color, earthy to slightly gritty luster, and no cleavage; visible sand-sized grains and fractures are consistent with sandstone.
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Physical properties
Typically Mohs hardness 6–7 for quartz grains, with reddish-brown color, earthy to slightly gritty luster, and no cleavage; visible sand-sized grains and fractures are consistent with sandstone.
Formation & geological history
Formed when deposited sand was compacted and cemented, commonly by silica, calcite, or hematite; individual beds may range from Precambrian to Recent, but age cannot be determined from the image.
Uses & applications
Used as building stone, paving, landscaping aggregate, and architectural facing; attractive pieces are collected, though this specimen appears ordinary.
Geological facts
The red color generally comes from finely disseminated hematite or other iron oxides coating the grains, rather than abundant red mineral crystals.
Field identification & locations
Identify it by gritty texture, visible rounded or angular sand grains, sedimentary layering, and red iron staining; common in arid continental basins and exposed sandstone formations worldwide.
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