sedimentary

Red Sandstone

Sandstone (Iron Oxide Rich)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: reddish-brown to terracotta; Luster: dull to earthy; Structure: fine-grained, clastic texture composed mostly of quartz grains cemented by hematite/iron oxide; Cleavage: none.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: reddish-brown to terracotta
Luster: dull to earthy

Identified July 23, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments in terrestrial environments such as deserts, rivers, or floodplains. The distinctive red coloration is caused by iron oxide (hematite) coating the sand grains.

Uses & applications

Widely used as a building material, paving stone, decorative landscaping gravel, and for architectural masonry due to its durability and attractive warm color.

Geological facts

Red sandstone formations create some of the world's most famous geological landmarks, including the red rock canyons of Sedona, Arizona, and the ancient city of Petra in Jordan.

Field identification & locations

Look for a gritty, sandpaper-like texture and a uniform reddish-brown earthy appearance. Common in desert sedimentary basins, ancient riverbeds, and as landscaping gravel around residential areas.