sedimentary
Red Sandstone
Ferruginous Sandstone (SiO2 with Fe2O3)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, reddish-brown, pink; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Red, reddish-brown, pink
- Luster
- Dull, earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Red, reddish-brown, pink; Luster: Dull, earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments, typically in desert or river delta environments. The red color is caused by the oxidation of iron minerals like hematite coating the quartz grains.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, paving stone, and in decorative landscaping. Historically significant in the construction of cathedrals and monuments.
Geological facts
Famous red sandstone formations include the Grand Canyon and the 'Old Red Sandstone' of Great Britain. It is a porous rock that often acts as an aquifer for groundwater.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible grains. Often found in layered beds or outcrops. Collectors look for unique bedding patterns or fossil inclusions.
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