mineral

Rough Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic (Isometric), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52

Identified July 20, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless to faint yellow/brown, Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic (Isometric), Cleavage: Perfect octahedral, Specific Gravity: 3.52

Formation & geological history

Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle, typically at depths of 150-200km, then brought to the surface by volcanic eruptions of kimberlite or lamproite pipes.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in jewelry as gemstones and in industrial applications for cutting, grinding, and drilling due to extreme hardness.

Geological facts

Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance. The oldest diamonds are estimated to be around 3.3 billion years old.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (will scratch any other material) and adamantine luster. Found in kimberlite pipes or alluvial deposits. Collectors look for unique crystal shapes like octahedrons.