Rock Identifier
Rough quartz crystals, likely citrine-bearing quartz (Quartz (SiO₂), with iron-related yellow-brown coloration) — mineral
mineral

Rough quartz crystals, likely citrine-bearing quartz

Quartz (SiO₂), with iron-related yellow-brown coloration

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Mohs hardness 7; translucent pale gray, honey, and orange-brown color; vitreous luster; hexagonal crystal structure; no true cleavage, producing conchoidal fractures. The pieces appear irregularly broken rather than naturally terminated.

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Physical properties

Mohs hardness 7; translucent pale gray, honey, and orange-brown color; vitreous luster; hexagonal crystal structure; no true cleavage, producing conchoidal fractures. The pieces appear irregularly broken rather than naturally terminated.

Formation & geological history

Quartz crystallizes from silica-rich hydrothermal fluids in veins, cavities, and pegmatites; yellow-orange coloration commonly develops from iron impurities or heat alteration. Precise geological age and locality cannot be determined from the photograph.

Uses & applications

Used for lapidary work, decorative specimens, countertops, glass, electronics, and abrasives; transparent, strongly colored pieces may be sold as citrine, though these appear lower-grade rough material.

Geological facts

Quartz is one of Earth’s most abundant minerals and is piezoelectric. Natural citrine is uncommon; much commercial orange citrine is heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz.

Field identification & locations

Identify by glassy luster, hardness sufficient to scratch ordinary glass, conchoidal fracture, and lack of cleavage; avoid confusing it with calcite, which is softer and cleaves readily. Common worldwide, especially in Brazil, Madagascar, the United States, and India.