gemstone
Ruby
Corundum (Al2O3)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness of 9; red color due to chromium; vitreous to adamantine luster; trigonal crystal system; specific gravity around 4.0.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness of 9; red color due to chromium; vitreous to adamantine luster; trigonal crystal system; specific gravity around 4.0.
Formation & geological history
Forms in metamorphic and igneous environments, typically in marble, amphibolite, or placers through regional metamorphism or magmatic crystallization.
Uses & applications
Valued extensively as a precious gemstone in fine jewelry, and historically used in laser technology and watch bearings.
Geological facts
Ruby is the red variety of corundum; blue varieties are known as sapphire. Finest specimens traditionally originate from Myanmar.
Field identification & locations
Identified by extreme hardness, distinct red fluorescence under UV light, and hexagonal crystal habit. Found in Myanmar, Mozambique, Madagascar, and Thailand.
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