mineral
Rutilated Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) inclusions
Hardness: 7 (Mohs), Color: Clear to smoky base with gold or reddish needle-like inclusions, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal System: Trigonal (hexagonal prisms), Specific Gravity: 2.65
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs), Color: Clear to smoky base with gold or reddish needle-like inclusions, Luster: Vitreous, Crystal System: Trigonal (hexagonal prisms), Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and pegmatites where titanium-rich minerals crystallize as needles within the cooling silica host. Major deposits are found in Brazil and Madagascar.
Uses & applications
Primarily used in jewelry as beads, cabochons, and ornamental faceted stones; also highly valued by mineral collectors for natural aesthetics.
Geological facts
The 'needles' or rutiles are made of titanium dioxide; they are often called 'Venus Hair' or 'Angel Hair' depending on their thickness and golden hue.
Field identification & locations
Identify by looking for fine, hair-like metallic needles encased within translucent quartz. It is common in gem markets in the reported region (Taiwan), though usually imported.
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