sedimentary
Sand Grain (Quartz)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectMohs hardness 7, vitreous luster, sub-angular to rounded shape, translucent to tan color, and lacks cleavage.
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Physical properties
Mohs hardness 7, vitreous luster, sub-angular to rounded shape, translucent to tan color, and lacks cleavage.
Formation & geological history
Formed via physical and chemical weathering of granitic or metamorphic parent rocks followed by fluvial or aeolian transport.
Uses & applications
Used in construction aggregate, glassmaking, water filtration, and industrial abrasives.
Geological facts
Quartz is the most common mineral in continental sand because of its chemical stability and resistance to weathering.
Field identification & locations
Identifiable by its hardness (scratches glass) and resistance to acid. Found ubiquitous across beaches, riverbeds, and deserts worldwide.
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Sedimentary Mudrock (SiO2, Al2O3 base with clay minerals)
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