sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (with iron oxide cement)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (composed of sand-sized mineral grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale
Color: Reddish-brown to tan
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 4, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (composed of sand-sized mineral grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized silicate grains (mostly quartz). The reddish hue is caused by the presence of iron oxide (hematite) during the lithification process. Common in prehistoric riverbeds, deserts, and coastal environments.

Uses & applications

Used extensively as a building and paving material, for grindstones, and sometimes as a source of high-purity silica for glassmaking. Also popular as a decorative landscaping stone.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common types of sedimentary rock and provides critical data for geologists to map paleo-environments and calculate the history of Earth's surface water and wind patterns.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible grains. It is commonly found in the US Southwest, the UK, and Australia. Look for bedding planes or layering within larger outcrops.