sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Sandstone (SiO2 with iron oxide impurities)
Hardness 6-7, tan to reddish-brown color, dull to earthy luster, clastic granular texture composed primarily of quartz and feldspar grains bonded by silica or iron oxide cement.
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Physical properties
Hardness 6-7, tan to reddish-brown color, dull to earthy luster, clastic granular texture composed primarily of quartz and feldspar grains bonded by silica or iron oxide cement.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized grains in ancient desert, river, or beach environments, followed by chemical weathering and water erosion that sculpted its shape.
Uses & applications
Commonly used in construction, paving, landscaping, dimension stone, and decorative rock collections.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% to 25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porous nature allows it to act as an important aquifer for groundwater and a reservoir for petroleum.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty, sandpaper-like feel and visible sand grains. Found globally in canyon walls, river beds, deserts, and coastal cliffs. Weathered water-worn samples like this one often mimic unique biological or artifact shapes.
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