sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Brownish-red to ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.6

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Brownish-red to ochre
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 13, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Brownish-red to ochre; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic/Granular; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.3-2.6

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and compaction of sand-sized mineral grains (mostly quartz). The reddish-brown color indicates the presence of iron oxide (hematite or limonite) acting as a cementing agent. Most specimens date from various eras depending on local stratigraphy.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in building construction as a dimension stone, as a source of silica for glass making, or crushed for road base and fill material.

Geological facts

Sandstone preserves a significant portion of Earth's fossil record and contains about 20% of the world's petroleum and natural gas reservoirs within its pore spaces.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. In the field, look for bedding planes or cross-stratification. It is extremely common in desert and ancient river environments globally.