sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (Fe2O3 stained)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Reddish-brown, tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Reddish-brown, tan, or orange
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 12, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Reddish-brown, tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. The reddish hue indicates the presence of iron oxide (hematite) during the depositional or diagenetic process.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as a building stone (brownstone), in the manufacturing of glass, and as a reservoir rock for oil and natural gas.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Many famous geological formations, such as the Grand Canyon and the Red Rocks of Sedona, are primarily composed of various layers of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible layering (bedding). It is found globally in basins, deserts, and ancient riverbeds.