sedimentary
Sandstone (Ferruginous)
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 cement)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, to reddish-brown, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular/clastic, Cleavage: none, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan, grey, to reddish-brown, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular/clastic, Cleavage: none, Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically in river beds, beaches, or deserts. This specimen shows ferruginous (iron-rich) staining or cementing.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as construction material, paving stones, and in the manufacturing of glass or as a source of industrial sand.
Geological facts
Sandstone accounts for approximately 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is a major reservoir for groundwater and petroleum products due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Commonly found in sedimentary basins and outcrops globally. Collectors look for unique banding or fossil inclusions.
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