sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (Fe-oxide cemented)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, reddish-tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Brown, reddish-tan, or orange
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 12, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, reddish-tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains (primarily quartz) in river beds, deserts, or marine environments. The reddish-brown color suggests the presence of iron oxide (hematite or limonite) as a cementing agent.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in building construction as dimension stone, paving, and decorative garden landscaping.

Geological facts

Sandstone can preserve fossils and sedimentary structures like ripple marks or cross-bedding that provide a record of ancient environments. It makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sand-like texture (feels like sandpaper). It is commonly found in sedimentary basins and canyons. For identification, check if it scratches glass (quartz content) and look for visible layers.