sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, yellowish due to iron oxides; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Tan, brown, yellowish due to iron oxides
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 10, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, brown, yellowish due to iron oxides; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand-sized grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. The brown coloration suggests it formed in an oxygen-rich environment where iron-bearing fluids cemented the grains together.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building stone, for making grindstones, or as a source of silica for glass manufacturing. In this weathered state, it is primarily of interest for educational or basic landscaping purposes.

Geological facts

Sandstone accounts for roughly 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity makes it a critical reservoir rock for groundwater, oil, and natural gas.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinctive 'sandpaper' texture. Look for layering (bedding planes) and visible grains that are 0.06mm to 2mm in size. It is found globally in desert, river, and coastal environments.