sedimentary

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, reddish-tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Brown, reddish-tan, or orange
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified June 27, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brown, reddish-tan, or orange; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. The brown coloration suggests iron-oxide (hematite or limonite) acting as the cementing agent. Commonly found in riverbeds, deserts, or ancient ocean basins.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in construction for paving, building stone, and glass manufacturing if pure quartz. Historically used for grindstones.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is an excellent aquifer because it is often porous enough to store large amounts of water.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. Commonly found in stratified layers in canyons or road cuts. Collectors look for unique banding or fossils.