sedimentary
Sandstone (likely Arkosic or Lithic)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 with accessory minerals)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan/buff/greyish-white, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular/clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: tan/buff/greyish-white, Luster: dull/earthy, Crystal structure: granular/clastic texture, Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed from the accumulation of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Deposits commonly occur in desert, river, and marine environments. This specimen appears weathered and suggests a high mineral content from terrestrial erosion.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in construction for flagstones, pavers, and building material. In fine-grained versions, it can be used for whetstones or glass making if quartz content is high.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. It is a major reservoir for groundwater, oil, and natural gas due to its porosity.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible grains. It can be found in outcrop beds or as rounded river cobbles like this specimen. It will not react with acid unless it has a calcitic cement.
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