sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartz Arenite)

Sandstone (dominated by SiO2 quartz grains)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff due to iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs
Color: Tan, brown, or buff due to iron oxide staining
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified April 11, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Tan, brown, or buff due to iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cemented lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. Often formed in riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, in paving, for making grindstones, or as a source of silica for glass making.

Geological facts

Sandstone accounts for roughly 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon and Petra in Jordan are both made primarily of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture and visible grain layers. Often found in outcrops across the American Southwest and river valleys. It will scratch glass but feel rough to the touch.