sedimentary

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs)
Color: Tan, beige, or light brown
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 21, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, beige, or light brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments, typically through transport by water, wind, or ice and subsequent lithification over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction, as a building stone, decorative landscaping, and as a reservoir rock for oil and gas.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 10-20% of the Earth's sedimentary rocks. Famous structures like the treasury at Petra are carved directly from sandstone cliffs.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. It is often found in riverbeds, canyons, and coastal areas. Collectors look for unique weathering or patterns.