sedimentary
Sandstone (Red/Brown Sandstone pebble)
Arenite (SiO2 dominated sandstone)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: reddish-brown to tan, Luster: dull/earthy, Grain size: medium (0.0625 to 2 mm sand grains), Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: ~2.2 - 2.8
- Luster
- dull/earthy, Grain size: medium (0
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: reddish-brown to tan, Luster: dull/earthy, Grain size: medium (0.0625 to 2 mm sand grains), Cleavage: none, Specific gravity: ~2.2 - 2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand grains (mostly quartz) in ancient riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments, cemented by iron oxides, silica, or calcium carbonate.
Uses & applications
Widely used as a construction stone, flagstone, paving material, for gravel/aggregate, sand supply, and in decorative landscaping.
Geological facts
The reddish-brown coloration is typically caused by small amounts of iron oxide (hematite) coating the quartz grains. Over time, water and wind erosion smooth sandstone into rounded river pebbles like this sample.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and clearly visible mineral grains. Highly abundant along rivers, beaches, lakeshores, and rocky outcrops worldwide.
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