sedimentary
Sandstone (Red/Brown Variety)
Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2 with Fe2O3 iron oxide inclusions)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown to reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Brown to reddish-brown
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Brown to reddish-brown; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal Structure: Clastic (sand grains); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed by the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments. This specimen appears water-worn, suggesting a river or coastal environment. Deposits can range from millions to over lateral billions of years old.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as building stone, pavers, and decorative landscaping. High-purity varieties are crushed for glass manufacturing and industrial abrasives.
Geological facts
Red sandstone gets its distinct color from hematite (iron oxide) coating the quartz grains. Famous geological formations like the Grand Canyon or the Red Rocks of Sedona are primarily made of this material.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains. It is commonly found in riverbeds, canyons, and sedimentary basins. Check for porousness by placing a drop of water on it; it should absorb slightly.
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