sedimentary

Sandstone (Red / Iron-stained)

Sandstone (composed predominantly of SiO2 with Fe2O3 cement)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale depending on cementation; Color: Reddish-brown to terracotta; Luster: Dull, earthy, granitic-looking aggregate; Texture: Medium-grained, gritty feel like sandpaper; Cleavage: None.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale depending on cementation
Color: Reddish-brown to terracotta
Luster: Dull, earthy, granitic-looking aggregate

Identified July 27, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed from the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized grains of mineral, rock, or organic material, often in desert, river bed, or beach environments. The red color comes from hematite/iron oxide coating the sand grains.

Uses & applications

Extensively used in construction, paving, building facades, landscaping, and historical monument masonry. Smaller specimens are collected for educational or decorative purposes.

Geological facts

Famous red sandstone formations include the Red Rocks in Colorado, Zion National Park in Utah, and Petra in Jordan. Sandstone accounts for about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified by its rough, sandpaper-like texture and visible sand grains when viewed closely. Common near riverbeds, eroded cliffs, and sedimentary basins worldwide.

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