sedimentary

Sandstone (with Iron Staining)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 oxides)

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan/Grey with reddish-orange iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Tan/Grey with reddish-orange iron oxide staining
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified March 29, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan/Grey with reddish-orange iron oxide staining; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (sand) over millions of years. This specimen shows weathering and oxidation, where minerals containing iron have reacted with water and air to create the reddish rusty staining.

Uses & applications

Used extensively in construction as dimension stone for buildings, paving, and decorative garden features. In the crushed form, it is used in road base and concrete. Higher grade quartz sandstone is used in glass manufacturing.

Geological facts

Sandstone is one of the most common sedimentary rocks on Earth. Its porosity makes it a primary reservoir for underground water (aquifers) and fossil fuels like oil and natural gas.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its 'gritty' feel, similar to sandpaper, and visible sand-sized grains. It often displays bedding planes or layers. It is ubiquitous in arid and coastal environments.