sedimentary

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz Sandstone)

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz grains); Color: Varies widely including red, brown, yellow, tan, grey, and pink; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Clastic texture composed of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, primarily quartz and feldspar; Cleavage: None, fractures irregularly.

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale (due to quartz grains)
Luster: Dull to earthy

Identified August 7, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation, deposition, and cementation of mineral particles or rock fragments (predominantly quartz) in environments such as deserts, rivers, beaches, and shallow marine areas over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in construction as a building material, paving stone, and decorative aggregate. Historically used for architectural facades, paving slabs, and grindstones.

Geological facts

Sandstone formations can be very porous, often serving as natural aquifers that store significant amounts of groundwater and petroleum. Famous geological monuments like Zion National Park and Petra are carved entirely out of massive sandstone layers.

Field identification & locations

Easily identified in the field by its gritty texture (feeling like sandpaper) and visible sand grains or bedding planes. Found worldwide wherever ancient deserts, riverbeds, or shallow seas once existed.