sedimentary

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Hardness: 6-7 (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brownish-yellow, or reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular, sand-like feel; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None.

Hardness: 6-7 (if quartz-rich)
Color: Tan, brownish-yellow, or reddish
Luster: Dull/Earthy

Identified July 18, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-7 (if quartz-rich); Color: Tan, brownish-yellow, or reddish; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Texture: Granular, sand-like feel; Structure: Clastic; Cleavage: None.

Formation & geological history

Formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sand-sized mineral grains or rock fragments. These typically accumulate in river deltas, beaches, or deserts over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a building material, in paving, for making grindstones, and in the production of glass (if pure quartz). It is also a significant reservoir rock for oil and water aquifers.

Geological facts

Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The famous Red Rocks of Colorado and the structures of Petra, Jordan, are formed from varieties of sandstone.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its gritty, abrasive feel similar to sandpaper. Look for visible layers (bedding planes). Commonly found in sedimentary basins and arid desert environments.